If I marry my boyfriend will I become a resident?

I'm a 16 year old girl from Colombia. I've lived in the U.S. since I was 5, but I just last year filed to become a resident. My application is in the very first step and could take 6-9 more years to be processed according to U.S. immigration. I have a boyfriend, who is born and raised in the U.S. and who is obviously a citizen of the U.S. We have only dated for about 5 months but have already talked about getting married. I want to go to college in 2 years, and if I'm not a resident, my understanding is that I won't be allowed to attend college, due to the fact that I don't have a social security number. I live in Missouri, so with parental consent I could marry my boyfriend who is 17. So, if I married him, how long would it take for me to become a resident, and then a citizen? And is there any quicker way? And does the fact that I'm a minor change anything? Will he be able to "claim" me so that I'd become a resident if I was a minor and he wasn't? Because he'll be 18 in about 3 months. So obviously I need a lot of help. Please offer any advice you have. Thanks. :)